The following are the first ten terms of a sequence:
0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 1, 0, 3, 0, 1, . . .
Same idea as the other sequences. Describe the pattern of the sequence. If you use a search engine, please don't submit it in the comments.
If it hasn't been solved by Wednesday, I'll give a hint. It's pretty easy, so you probably won't need a hint. Also, if you ask a polar question (i.e., a yes/no question), I will probably answer it if it relates to this sequence.
Update: Hint: It's related to powers of 2.
I'll post the solution on Thursday. (Since I forgot to put the hint up for last week's sequence until today, I won't put the solution up for it until Wednesday of this week.)
Update: The sequence is the highest exponent for which 2 to the exponent of the entry divides the index. E.g., 21=2 divides 3 but 22=4 does not, so a(3)=1. E.g., 23=8 divides 8 but 24=16 does not, so a(8)=3. E.g., 20=1 divides 7 but 2 does not, so a(7)=0. E.g., 21=2 divides 10 but 22=4 does not, so a(10)=1. It was not solved.
Update: Last week's second sequence (1, 2, 4, 6, 16, 12, 64, 24, 36, 48, 1024, . . .) was the list of smallest integers with exactly the index's number of proper divisors, that is, a(n) was the smallest positive integer with exactly n divisors. E.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36 all divide 36, and they are the only divisors of 36. Furthermore, no positive integer less than 36 has exactly nine divisors. So a(9)=36. It was not solved. As an extra exercise, prove that for each i=1, 2, 3, . . . there exists an integer with exactly i divisors.
The following is a list of sequences (of varying difficulty, where the difficulty is reported based on the number of terms listed, on my subjective assessment) for the following seven weeks, each with a varying number of terms listed:
- 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 4, 7, 13, 24, 44, 81, . . .
- 5, 7, 13, 19, 31, 43, 61, 73, 103, 109, 139, 151, 181, 193, 199, 229, 241, 271, 283, 313, 349, 421, 433, 463, 523, 571, 601, 619, 643, 661, 811, 823, 829, 859, 883, 1021, 1033, 1051, 1063, 1093, 1153, 1231, 1279, 1291, 1303, 1321, 1429, 1453, 1483, 1489, . . . (Update: Hint: Suppose p and q are primes. Which for which values of p and q is p + q in the sequence?)
- 4, 8, 9, 12, 16, 18, 20, 24, 25, 27, . . . (Update: Hint: Look at the prime factors.)
- 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 5, 1, 2, 1, 3, . . . (Update: Hint: (Upon further thinking, I should have given more terms to indicate that this sequence was tough.) It's something to do with 2a(n).)
- 1, 2, 4, 6, 3, 9, 12, 8, 10, 5, 15, 18, 14, 7, 21, 24, 16, 20, 22, 11, . . . (Update: Hint: First, notice that the greatest common divisor for successive terms beyond the first (i.e., gcd(a(i), a(i + 1))>1 for each i є {2, 3, 4, . . .}. Second, this sequence contains every positive integer.)
- 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, . . . (Update: Hint: Notice that i is in the sequence if and only if a(i) is odd.)
- 5, 53, 157, 173, 211, 257, 263, 373, 563, 593, 607, 653, 733, 947, 977, 1103, 1123, 1187, 1223, 1367, . . . (Update: Hint: This sequence is also a subset of the primes. It's somewhat similar to the sequence five above. For each positive integer i, a(i) is related to two primes, p and q, and more specifically the sum p + q. But, this sequence is dissimilar from the one above in that this one's terms, while all are directly related to p + q they're not necessarily of the form p + q. The terms are of the form p + q with something more done to them.)
Same idea as the other sequences. Describe the pattern of the sequence. If you use a search engine, please don't submit it in the comments.
Within eight weeks from now, for any of the sequences that are still left unsolved I'll post a hint, and then on June 15th, with that week's sequence, post the solutions.